Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Special Economic Zone shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Special Economic Zone offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Special Economic Zone at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Special Economic Zone? Wrong! If the Special Economic Zone is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Special Economic Zone then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Special Economic Zone? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Special Economic Zone and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Special Economic Zone wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Special Economic Zone then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Special Economic Zone site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Special Economic Zone, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Special Economic Zone, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
A
Special Economic Zone (
SEZ) is a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country's typical economic laws. The category 'SEZ' covers a broad range of more specific zone types, including Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export Processing Zones (EPZ), Free Zones (FZ), Industrial Estates (IE), Free Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others. Usually the goal of an SEZ structure is to increase foreign investment. One of the earliest and the most famous Special Economic Zones were founded by the government of the People's Republic of China under Deng Xiaoping in the early 1980s. The most successful Special Economic Zone in China,
Shenzhen, has developed from a small village into a city with a population over 10 million within 20 years. Following the Chinese examples, Special Economic Zones have been established in several countries, including
Brazil,
India,
Iran, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Pakistan, Clark Special Economic Zone, Poland,
Russia, and
Ukraine. Rason has also attempted this to a degree, but failed. Currently,
Puno,
Peru has been slated to become a "Zona Economica" by its president Alan Garcia. A single SEZ can contain multiple 'specific' zones within its boundaries. The two most prominent examples of this layered approach are Subic Bay in the Philippines and the Aqaba Special Economic Zone in Jordan.
According to World Bank estimates, as of 2007 there are more than 3,000 projects taking place in SEZs in 120 countries worldwide.
SEZs have been implemented using a variety of institutional structures across the world ranging from fully public (government operator, government developer, government regulator) to 'fully' private (private operator, private developer, public regulator). In many cases, public sector operators and developers act as quasi-government agencies in that they have a pseudo-corporate institutional structure and have budgetary autonomy. SEZs are often developed under a Public-Private-Partnership arrangement, in which the public sector provides some level of support (provision of off-site infrastructure, equity investment, soft loans, bond issues, etc) to enable a private sector developer to obtain a reasonable rate of return on the project (typically 10-20% depending on risk levels).
In South Asia
In India
Considering the need to enhance foreign investment and promote exports from the country and realising the need that a level playing field must be made available to the domestic enterprises and manufacturers to be competitive globally, The Government of India had in April 2000 announced the introduction of Special Economic Zones policy in the country, deemed to be foreign territory for the purposes of trade operations, duties and tariffs. As of 2007, more than 500 SEZs have been proposed, 220 of which have been created. This has raised the concern of the World Bank, which questions the sustainability of such a large number of SEZs.The Special Economic Zones in India closely follow the
People's Republic of China model.
List of SEZs in India
The policy provides for setting up of SEZs in the public, private, joint sector or by State Governments. It was also envisaged that some of the existing Export Processing Zones would be converted into Special Economic Zones. Accordingly, the Government has converted Export Processing zones located at
Currently, India has 811 units in operations in 8 functional SEZs, each an average size of 200 acres. 8 Export Processing Zones (EPZs) have been converted into SEZs. These are fully functional. All these SEZs are in various parts of the country in the private/joint sectors or by the State Government. But this process of planning and development is under question, as the states in which the SEZs have been approved are facing intense protests, from the farming community, accusing the government of forcibly snatching fertile land from them, at heavily discounted prices as against the prevailing prices in the commercial real estate industry. Also some reputed companies like
Bajaj and others have commented against this policy and have suggested using barren and wasteland for setting up of SEZs.
Attempts to set up a Special Economic Zone in Nandigram have led to
Nandigram SEZ controversy in the area. A Parliamentary Committee to study and give recommendations on SEZs has said that no further SEZs be notified unless the existing law is amended to incorporate the changes related to the land acquisitions. {{cite news| url = http://www.andhranews.net/Business/2007/July/6-Parliamentary-panel-7184.asp| title = Parliamentary panel for no new SEZs until law is amended| publisher = AndhraNews.net-->
Genpact has announced its plans to expand its presence in Hyderabad by setting up a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) across 50 acres in the city at Jawahar Nagar.
In Pakistan
Taking the example of the Chinese success with their SEZs, China is helping Pakistan develop the Haier-Ruba economic zone on the outskirts of Lahore.
Other economic zones include the China-Pakistan economic zone open only to Chinese investors and also the future crown jewel of Pakistan,
Gwadar.
There are also talks of creating a Japanese city for foreign investors from Japan only.
There has also been new SEZ proposed on the currently under construction Sialkot-Lahore motorway, Qatar has proposed an investment for $1 billion in a new SEZ along the motorway.
There is also a new zone under construction in Faislababd, which will be the biggest industrial estate of Pakistan when complete, it has sections for each country and the first phrase is already complete with a special Chinese zone in it.
In the People's Republic of China
The word "special" mainly means special economic systems and policies. In the People's Republic of China, the central government gives SEZs special policies and flexible measures, allowing SEZs to utilize a special economic management system.
Special tax incentives
Greater independence on international trade activities.
Economic characteristics are represented as "4 principles":
Construction primarily relies on attracting and utilising foreign capital
Primary economic firms are sino-foreign joint ventures and partnerships as well as wholly foreign-owned enterprises
Products are primarily export-oriented
Economic activities are primarily driven by market
SEZ are listed separately in the national planning (including financial planning) and have province-level authority on economic administration. SEZs local congress and government have legislation authority.
In Kazakhstan
In Iran
In North Korea
The
Rajin-Sonbong Economic Special Zone was established under a
United Nations economic development programme in 1994. Located on the bank of the Tuman River, the zone borders on the
Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (or, Yeonbyeon in Korean) of the People's Republic of China, as well as Russia. In
2000 the name of the area was shortened to Rason and became separate from the
North Hamgyong.
In the Philippines
Philippine economic zones (ecozones) are collections of industries, brought togethergeographically for the purpose of promoting economic development. Although designed tooperate separately from the political and economic milieu of surrounding communities,Philippine economic zones do in fact interact with their neighbors. There are 41 private-owned economic zones and 4 government owned economic zones in the Philippines. Of the 41 private economic zones, the biggest exporter is Gateway Business Park in General Trias, Cavite and the second biggest private ecozone is Laguna Technopark Inc. The four governmentally owned are Cavite Economic Zone, Bataan Economic Zone, Mactan Economic Zone and
Baguio City Economic Zone. Thus it is a useful act for the growth of economic zone of the country.
List of SEZs in the Philippines
- Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority
- Clark Special Economic Zone
This is fake. It is directly copied from the net!
In Poland
In Russia
Techniquel/Innovational Zones
Industrial/developmental Zones
Touristical Zones
In Ukraine
References
External links
- Citizens' Research Collective on SEZ
- Regularly updated news about SEZs in India
- Russian Special Economic Zones
- PEZA Philippines
- Haryana Technology Park (HTP) - An approved SEZ located 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) from the Delhi - Faridabad border
- The New Maharajas of India
A
Special Economic Zone (
SEZ) is a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country's typical economic laws. The category 'SEZ' covers a broad range of more specific zone types, including Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export Processing Zones (EPZ), Free Zones (FZ), Industrial Estates (IE), Free Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others. Usually the goal of an SEZ structure is to increase foreign investment. One of the earliest and the most famous Special Economic Zones were founded by the government of the
People's Republic of China under Deng Xiaoping in the early 1980s. The most successful Special Economic Zone in China,
Shenzhen, has developed from a small village into a city with a population over 10 million within 20 years. Following the Chinese examples, Special Economic Zones have been established in several countries, including
Brazil, India, Iran,
Jordan,
Kazakhstan,
Pakistan, Clark Special Economic Zone,
Poland,
Russia, and Ukraine.
Rason has also attempted this to a degree, but failed. Currently,
Puno, Peru has been slated to become a "Zona Economica" by its president Alan Garcia. A single SEZ can contain multiple 'specific' zones within its boundaries. The two most prominent examples of this layered approach are Subic Bay in the Philippines and the Aqaba Special Economic Zone in Jordan.
According to World Bank estimates, as of 2007 there are more than 3,000 projects taking place in SEZs in 120 countries worldwide.
SEZs have been implemented using a variety of institutional structures across the world ranging from fully public (government operator, government developer, government regulator) to 'fully' private (private operator, private developer, public regulator). In many cases, public sector operators and developers act as quasi-government agencies in that they have a pseudo-corporate institutional structure and have budgetary autonomy. SEZs are often developed under a Public-Private-Partnership arrangement, in which the public sector provides some level of support (provision of off-site infrastructure, equity investment, soft loans, bond issues, etc) to enable a private sector developer to obtain a reasonable rate of return on the project (typically 10-20% depending on risk levels).
In South Asia
In India
Considering the need to enhance foreign investment and promote exports from the country and realising the need that a level playing field must be made available to the domestic enterprises and manufacturers to be competitive globally, The Government of India had in April 2000 announced the introduction of Special Economic Zones policy in the country, deemed to be foreign territory for the purposes of trade operations, duties and tariffs. As of 2007, more than 500 SEZs have been proposed, 220 of which have been created. This has raised the concern of the World Bank, which questions the sustainability of such a large number of SEZs.The Special Economic Zones in India closely follow the
People's Republic of China model.
List of SEZs in India
The policy provides for setting up of SEZs in the public, private, joint sector or by State Governments. It was also envisaged that some of the existing Export Processing Zones would be converted into Special Economic Zones. Accordingly, the Government has converted Export Processing zones located at
Currently, India has 811 units in operations in 8 functional SEZs, each an average size of 200 acres. 8 Export Processing Zones (EPZs) have been converted into SEZs. These are fully functional. All these SEZs are in various parts of the country in the private/joint sectors or by the State Government. But this process of planning and development is under question, as the states in which the SEZs have been approved are facing intense protests, from the farming community, accusing the government of forcibly snatching fertile land from them, at heavily discounted prices as against the prevailing prices in the commercial real estate industry. Also some reputed companies like
Bajaj and others have commented against this policy and have suggested using barren and wasteland for setting up of SEZs.
Attempts to set up a Special Economic Zone in
Nandigram have led to
Nandigram SEZ controversy in the area. A Parliamentary Committee to study and give recommendations on SEZs has said that no further SEZs be notified unless the existing law is amended to incorporate the changes related to the land acquisitions. {{cite news| url = http://www.andhranews.net/Business/2007/July/6-Parliamentary-panel-7184.asp| title = Parliamentary panel for no new SEZs until law is amended| publisher = AndhraNews.net-->
Genpact has announced its plans to expand its presence in Hyderabad by setting up a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) across 50 acres in the city at Jawahar Nagar.
In Pakistan
Taking the example of the Chinese success with their SEZs, China is helping Pakistan develop the Haier-Ruba economic zone on the outskirts of Lahore.
Other economic zones include the China-Pakistan economic zone open only to Chinese investors and also the future crown jewel of Pakistan,
Gwadar.
There are also talks of creating a Japanese city for foreign investors from Japan only.
There has also been new SEZ proposed on the currently under construction Sialkot-Lahore motorway, Qatar has proposed an investment for $1 billion in a new SEZ along the motorway.
There is also a new zone under construction in Faislababd, which will be the biggest industrial estate of Pakistan when complete, it has sections for each country and the first phrase is already complete with a special Chinese zone in it.
In the People's Republic of China
The word "special" mainly means special economic systems and policies. In the People's Republic of China, the central government gives SEZs special policies and flexible measures, allowing SEZs to utilize a special economic management system.
Special tax incentives
Greater independence on international trade activities.
Economic characteristics are represented as "4 principles":
Construction primarily relies on attracting and utilising foreign capital
Primary economic firms are sino-foreign joint ventures and partnerships as well as wholly foreign-owned enterprises
Products are primarily export-oriented
Economic activities are primarily driven by market
SEZ are listed separately in the national planning (including financial planning) and have province-level authority on economic administration. SEZs local congress and government have legislation authority.
In Kazakhstan
In Iran
- PetZone: Petrochemical special economic Zone, Mahshahr.
- Kish: Kish island special economic zone.
- Sarakhs
- Sirjan
- Bandar Anzali
In North Korea
The
Rajin-Sonbong Economic Special Zone was established under a United Nations economic development programme in
1994. Located on the bank of the Tuman River, the zone borders on the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (or, Yeonbyeon in Korean) of the
People's Republic of China, as well as Russia. In
2000 the name of the area was shortened to Rason and became separate from the
North Hamgyong.
In the Philippines
Philippine economic zones (ecozones) are collections of industries, brought togethergeographically for the purpose of promoting economic development. Although designed tooperate separately from the political and economic milieu of surrounding communities,Philippine economic zones do in fact interact with their neighbors. There are 41 private-owned economic zones and 4 government owned economic zones in the
Philippines. Of the 41 private economic zones, the biggest exporter is Gateway Business Park in General Trias, Cavite and the second biggest private ecozone is Laguna Technopark Inc. The four governmentally owned are
Cavite Economic Zone, Bataan Economic Zone, Mactan Economic Zone and
Baguio City Economic Zone. Thus it is a useful act for the growth of economic zone of the country.
List of SEZs in the Philippines
This is fake. It is directly copied from the net!
In Poland
In Russia
Techniquel/Innovational Zones
Industrial/developmental Zones
Touristical Zones
In Ukraine
- Donetsk
- Mykolaiv
- Slavutych
- Zakarpattia Oblast
References
External links
- Citizens' Research Collective on SEZ
- Regularly updated news about SEZs in India
- Russian Special Economic Zones
- PEZA Philippines
- Haryana Technology Park (HTP) - An approved SEZ located 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) from the Delhi - Faridabad border
- The New Maharajas of India
Falta Special Economic Zone
An export processing zone. Includes details of location, facilities, entitlements, and downloadable forms.
Special Economic Zone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Shenzhen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province, situated immediately north of Hong Kong. Owing to China's economic liberalization ...
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Legnica Special Economic Zone
INDIA SEZ - SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE - NAVI MUMBAI
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